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article 
App\Entity\Article {#528
  -id: 5
  -title: "Chronische Verstopfung – Ursachen, Behandlung, Vorbeugung"
  -teaser: "<p>Verstopfung ist ein h&auml;ufig auftretendes Gesundheitsproblem, die meisten Menschen leiden im Laufe ihres Lebens hin und wieder daran. Von einer Verstopfung (Obstipation) sprechen Fachleute, wenn die Stuhlentleerung seltener als dreimal pro Woche erfolgt, die einzelnen Stuhlportionen sehr klein und hart sind und/oder die Stuhlentleerung mit Beschwerden einhergeht.</p>"
  -content: """
    <p>Verstopfung ist ein h&auml;ufig auftretendes Gesundheitsproblem, die meisten Menschen leiden im Laufe ihres Lebens hin und wieder daran. Von einer Verstopfung (Obstipation) sprechen Fachleute, wenn die Stuhlentleerung seltener als dreimal pro Woche erfolgt, die einzelnen Stuhlportionen sehr klein und hart sind und/oder die Stuhlentleerung mit Beschwerden einhergeht.<br />\r\n
    <br />\r\n
    In den meisten F&auml;llen geht eine Verstopfung von allein wieder vorbei &ndash; ballaststoffreiche Kost und eine ausreichende Fl&uuml;ssigkeitszufuhr k&ouml;nnen dabei helfen. Doch bei gesch&auml;tzt 15 Prozent der Bev&ouml;lkerung, h&auml;ufiger bei Frauen und bei Menschen im h&ouml;heren Alter, entwickelt sich eine chronische Verstopfung. Die chronische Obstipation ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschwerden mindestens drei Monate anhalten und der Leidensdruck so gro&szlig; ist, dass die Betroffenen einen Arzt oder eine &Auml;rztin aufsuchen m&uuml;ssen.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <h2><sup>Was verursacht chronische Verstopfung?</sup></h2>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Eine chronische Verstopfung kann viele Ursachen haben. Zuerst wird h&auml;ufig an den Lebensstil gedacht: Zu wenig Ballaststoffe in der Ern&auml;hrung, geringe Fl&uuml;ssigkeitsaufnahme und Bewegungsmangel sind m&ouml;gliche Risikofaktoren. Doch neue Erkenntnisse zeigen, dass die Bedeutung des Lebensstils bei chronischer Verstopfung oft &uuml;bersch&auml;tzt wird. Diese Faktoren scheinen weniger die grundlegende Ursache der Verstopfung zu sein, sondern vielmehr eine bestehende Neigung zur Verstopfung zu verst&auml;rken.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Eine chronische Verstopfung kann unter anderem durch verschiedene Krankheiten ausgel&ouml;st werden. Dazu z&auml;hlen zum Beispiel das Reizdarm-Syndrom, hormonelle St&ouml;rungen oder eine Beckenbodensenkung. Auch in der Schwangerschaft treten chronische Verstopfungen geh&auml;uft auf. Darüber hinaus k&ouml;nnen bestimmte Arzneimittel wie etwa Schmerzmittel, Blutdrucksenker und Medikamente gegen Depressionen zu einer chronischen Verstopfung beitragen.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Mitunter l&ouml;sen Betroffene selbst eine chronische Verstopfung aus, indem sie den Stuhldrang h&auml;ufig unterdr&uuml;cken. Wer das Signal des Darms zum Stuhlgang ignoriert, sp&uuml;rt in manchen F&auml;llen den Entleerungsdrang irgendwann nicht mehr. Der Stuhl bleibt dann l&auml;nger im Darm und wird weiter eingedickt. Die Darmentleerung wird beschwerlicher, der Stuhlgang schmerzhaft &ndash; und es droht eine chronische Verstopfung.<sup>2,3</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <h2>Was k&ouml;nnen Betroffene gegen eine chronische Verstopfung tun?</h2>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Zur Behandlung der chronischen Verstopfung ist zun&auml;chst eine Ver&auml;nderung des Lebensstils ratsam. Vor allem eine ballaststoffreiche Ern&auml;hrung, eine ausreichende Flüssigkeitszufuhr und mehr Bewegung k&ouml;nnen die Beschwerden lindern.</p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Die wichtigsten Lebensstil-Tipps im Detail:</p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <ul>\r\n
    \t<li>Ballaststoffe in der Ern&auml;hrung: Erwachsene sollten am Tag mindestens 30 Gramm
Ballaststoffe zu sich nehmen. Die Ballaststoffzufuhr l&auml;sst sich durch einen reichlichen Verzehr von Gem&uuml;se und Obst sowie Vollkornprodukte steigern.</li>\r\n
    \t<li>Auf eine ausreichende Trinkmenge achten: Pro Tag sollten es anderthalb bis zwei Liter sein, vorzugsweise Wasser, Kr&auml;uter- oder Früchtetee, auch Kaffee in Ma&szlig;en.</li>\r\n
    \t<li>Bewegung: T&auml;gliche Bewegung ist ideal. Die WHO empfiehlt 150 bis 300 Minuten pro Woche bei gem&auml;&szlig;igter Intensit&auml;t oder 75 bis 150 Minuten bei hoher Intensit&auml;t.<sup>4</sup></li>\r\n
    \t<li>Stuhldrang sollte nicht unterdr&uuml;ckt werden.</li>\r\n
    </ul>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Die Ballaststoffzufuhr kann auch durch die gezielte Einnahme von Ballaststoffpr&auml;paraten (zum Beispiel Indische Flohsamenschalen, Weizenkleie) erh&ouml;ht werden. Die wasserl&ouml;slichen Ballaststoffe quellen im Verdauungstrakt auf, erh&ouml;hen das Stuhlvolumen, machen den Stuhl geschmeidiger und sorgen f&uuml;r eine leichtere Entleerung. Das erh&ouml;hte Stuhlvolumen gibt dem Darm ein nat&uuml;rliches Signal zum Weitertransport des Stuhls.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Haben diese Ma&szlig;nahmen nicht die gew&uuml;nschte Wirkung oder werden schlecht vertragen, kann der Arzt oder die &Auml;rztin bestimmte Medikamente verschreiben, die abf&uuml;hrend wirken oder den Stuhl weicher machen. Anders als Ballaststoffpr&auml;parate sollten diese allerdings nicht dauerhaft angewendet werden.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Helfen weder Lebensstilver&auml;nderungen noch Medikamente, ist bei Patient*innen mit hohem Leidensdruck eine chirurgische Therapie m&ouml;glich, bei der ein Teil des Dickdarms entfernt wird.<sup>1</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <h2>So k&ouml;nnen Patent*innen einer chronischen Verstopfung vorbeugen</h2>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Bei der Vorbeugung einer chronischen Verstopfung kommen viele Ma&szlig;nahmen ins Spiel, die auch in der Therapie eingesetzt werden. Voraussetzung f&uuml;r einen gesunden Stuhlgang sind eine ballaststoffreiche Ern&auml;hrung mit Vollkornprodukten, Gem&uuml;se und Obst, ausreichendes Trinken sowie regelm&auml;&szlig;ige Bewegung, aber auch Entspannung.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Aber selbst, wenn all diese Ma&szlig;nahmen eingehalten werden, kann sich eine chronische Verstopfung entwickeln &ndash; wenn beispielsweise bestimmte Grunderkrankungen vorliegen, die eine Verstopfung beg&uuml;nstigen. Den besten Schutz vor chronischer Verstopfung bietet in diesen F&auml;llen eine optimale Therapie der Grunderkrankung.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Tritt bei der Einnahme eines neuen Medikaments h&auml;ufiger eine Verstopfung auf, k&ouml;nnen die<br />\r\n
    Patient*innen mit dem Arzt oder der &Auml;rztin besprechen, ob ein Wechsel auf ein anderes Medikament m&ouml;glich ist, um eine Chronifizierung zu vermeiden.<sup>1,2</sup></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p>Zus&auml;tzlich kann ein k&ouml;rpergerechtes Stuhlverhalten helfen, einer chronischen Obstipation vorzubeugen:</p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <ul>\r\n
    \t<li>Nur auf die Toilette gehen, wenn es n&ouml;tig ist, dann aber z&uuml;gig.</li>\r\n
    \t<li>L&auml;ngeres Sitzen &ndash; oder gar Zeitunglesen &ndash; auf der Toilette sollte vermieden werden, denn dadurch kann sich ein innerer Vorfall entwickeln und der Schlie&szlig;muskel regelrecht ausleiern.</li>\r\n
    \t<li>Insgesamt sollte man sich h&ouml;chstens drei Minuten auf der Toilette aufhalten!<sup>2</sup></li>\r\n
    </ul>\r\n
    \r\n
    <p><strong>Quellen:</strong></p>\r\n
    \r\n
    <ol>\r\n
    \t<li>Leitlinie Chronische Obstipation 
htps://register.awmf.org/assets/guidelines/021-019l_S2k_Chronische_Obstipation_2022-11.pdf</li>\r\n
    \t<li>Dr. Falk: Broschüre &bdquo;Mucofalk&reg; &ndash; Natürliche Kraft für gute Verdauung (Chronische Verstopfung)&ldquo;
htps://de.drfalkpharma.com/de/literatur/informationen-fuer-betroffene/</li>\r\n
    \t<li>Dr. Falk: Chronische Obstipation
htps://de.drfalkpharma.com/de/indikationen/chronische-obstipation/</li>\r\n
    \t<li>&Auml;rzteblatt: WHO gibt neue Aktivit&auml;tsempfehlung heraus
htps://www.aerzteblat.de/nachrichten/118657/WHO-gibt-neue-Aktivitaetsempfehlungen-heraus-fuer-die-Gesundheit-zaehlt-jede-Bewegung</li>\r\n
    </ol>
    """
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Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\DataCollector\RequestDataCollector:71
Show trace 
[
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Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\DataCollector\RequestDataCollector:72
Show trace 
[
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Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\DataCollector\RequestDataCollector:73
Show trace 
[
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev-plesk.creatediv.local/apofalk-academy.dev-plesk.creatediv.local/htdocs/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/DataCollector/RequestDataCollector.php"
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Flashes

Flashes

Key Value
error 
[
  "Sie müssen eingeloggt sein um diesen Artikel lesen zu können!"
]

Server Parameters

Server Parameters

Defined in .env

Key Value
APP_ENV 
"dev"
APP_SECRET 
"a1d687c7188a8bbff1cb1e7504f8f22f"
DATABASE_URL 
"mysql://apofalk-academy:0az5otq1qeT1QVQK@127.0.0.1:3306/apofalk-academy"
GOOGLE_CAPTCHA_KEY 
"6LeMd_8qAAAAAIYtrI1v6HmANQgT4wNKYuMnDZ0c"
MAILER_DSN 
"smtp://apofalk@creatediv-ld.de:trU5MSwFK643w9o1@mail.your-server.de:587"
MAILER_NAME 
"apofalk.de"
MAILER_USER 
"info@creatediv.de"
MESSENGER_TRANSPORT_DSN 
"doctrine://default?auto_setup=0"
POINTS_FOR_ELEARNING 
"20"
POINTS_FOR_QUIZ 
"10"
POINTS_NEEDED_FOR_CLUB 
"60"
WKHTMLTOPDF_PATH 
"/usr/local/bin/wkhtmltopdf"

Defined as regular env variables

Key Value
APP_DEBUG 
"1"
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev-plesk.creatediv.local/apofalk-academy.dev-plesk.creatediv.local/htdocs/public"
CONTEXT_PREFIX 
""
DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev-plesk.creatediv.local/apofalk-academy.dev-plesk.creatediv.local/htdocs/public"
FCGI_ROLE 
"RESPONDER"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE 
"CGI/1.1"
HOME 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev-plesk.creatediv.local"
HTTP_ACCEPT 
"*/*"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_CONNECTION 
"close"
HTTP_HOST 
"apofalk-academy.dev-plesk.creatediv.local"
HTTP_USER_AGENT 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_X_ACCEL_INTERNAL 
"/internal-nginx-static-location"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR 
"216.73.216.96"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST 
"apofalk-academy.dev-creatediv.de"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SERVER 
"apofalk-academy.dev-creatediv.de"
HTTP_X_REAL_IP 
"192.168.20.3"
PATH 
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"
PHP_SELF 
"/index.php"
QUERY_STRING 
""
REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"aUIc68zlRZo6IXaMXMMKgAAAAAE"
REDIRECT_URL 
"/fachartikel/chronische-verstopfung-ursachen-behandlung-vorbeugung"
REMOTE_ADDR 
"192.168.20.3"
REMOTE_PORT 
"32810"
REQUEST_METHOD 
"GET"
REQUEST_SCHEME 
"http"
REQUEST_TIME 
1765940459
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT 
1765940459.0651
REQUEST_URI 
"/fachartikel/chronische-verstopfung-ursachen-behandlung-vorbeugung"
SCRIPT_FILENAME 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev-plesk.creatediv.local/apofalk-academy.dev-plesk.creatediv.local/htdocs/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_NAME 
"/index.php"
SERVER_ADDR 
"192.168.20.6"
SERVER_ADMIN 
"[no address given]"
SERVER_NAME 
"apofalk-academy.dev-plesk.creatediv.local"
SERVER_PORT 
"80"
SERVER_PROTOCOL 
"HTTP/1.0"
SERVER_SIGNATURE 
"<address>Apache Server at apofalk-academy.dev-plesk.creatediv.local Port 80</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE 
"Apache"
SYMFONY_DOTENV_VARS 
"APP_ENV,APP_SECRET,DATABASE_URL,MESSENGER_TRANSPORT_DSN,MAILER_DSN,MAILER_NAME,MAILER_USER,WKHTMLTOPDF_PATH,GOOGLE_CAPTCHA_KEY,POINTS_NEEDED_FOR_CLUB,POINTS_FOR_QUIZ,POINTS_FOR_ELEARNING"
UNIQUE_ID 
"aUIc68zlRZo6IXaMXMMKgAAAAAE"
USER 
"dev-plesk"
proxy-nokeepalive 
"1"